ASSOCIATION OF METALS WITH VARIOUS SEDIMENTARY PHASES IN DAM RESERVOIR

Fatima Torabi, University of Tehran, Faculty of Environment, I.R. of Iran

Abstract

In the present study sediment and water samples collected from Kowsar Dam reservoir in Kohkiluye and Boyerahmad province, southwest of Iran, are subjected to bulk digestion and chemical partitioning. The concentrations of Nickel, Lead, Zink, Copper, Cobalt, Cadmium, Manganese and Iron in water and bed sediment were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer. The concentrations of metals bonded to five sedimentary phases were estimated. On this basis, the proportions of natural and anthropogenic elements were calculated.
The anthropogenic portion of elements are as follows: Zn (96%)> Co (88%)> Fe (78%)> Mn(78%)> Nickel (78%)> Copper(66%)> Lead(63%)> Cadmium(59%). The results show sediment contamination by Nickel, Cadmium and Lead, according to the world aquatic sediments and mean earth crust values. Manganese and Copper have strong association with organic matter and are of high portion of sulfide bonded ions. Cluster analysis was performed in order to assess heavy metal interactions between water and sediment. Accordingly, Nickel, Cadmium and Copper are earth-originated. Zink, Copper and Manganese are dominated by pH. All the elemental concentrations in water and sediment are correlated except for sedimental copper.